During the Certificat d’acceptation du Québec (CAQ) application process, the Ministère de l’Immigration, de la Francisation et de l’Intégration (MIFI) sends an intention to refuse letter in circumstances where documents are missing or when they are not satisfied that the applicant has complied with all the conditions of their CAQ in Quebec. 

The applicants then have the possibility to add additional documents to their CAQ application within 60 days of receiving the intention to refuse notice. Failure to provide all the documents required within the deadline can lead to a refusal, which is why applicants need to carefully prepare their response to a notice of intention to refuse. 

In this article, I will discuss the most common reasons why applicants receive a notice of intention to refuse, how to avoid receiving one and what to do if you receive such a notice.

The most common reasons for receiving a notice of intention to refuse

Contrary to a study permit application, the MIFI will not evaluate if a person will leave Quebec at the end of their studies. They will only evaluate if the person is registered at a designated learning institution, has sufficient funds, and if the person has respected the conditions of the previous CAQ (in case of a CAQ renewal application).

For this reason, a notice of intention to refuse will usually be about the following reasons:

1. You have not been a full-time student
2. You have insufficient funds to support yourself during your stay in Quebec
3. You were not covered by health and hospitalization insurance

Full-time studies

One of the conditions of being a student in Quebec and having a CAQ is to study full-time for the level of study written on the CAQ. 

When applying to renew their CAQ, applicants must demonstrate that they were full-time students and have made progress in their studies during the period of validity of their CAQ. Applicants must provide their original transcripts and enrollment confirmation letter from their institution.

In some circumstances, applicants who did not study full-time or have failed classes for a variety of reasons receive a notice of intention to refuse when renewing their CAQ. 

The notice can look like this:

• Original copy of report cards or transcripts from the Québec educational institution you attended, or certified true copy by that institution, covering the entire period of your previous CAQ for studies:
  • for the report card or transcript received does not cover the entire period of validity of the previous CAQ.
  • for your report or transcript indicates that you were registered part-time during one or several semesters.
  • for your report or transcript indicates that you failed many courses.
• Letter dated and signed by yourself explaining why there are many failed or abandoned courses in your marks transcripts or why you were not registered during one or more regular terms
• Document(s) proving your explanations as to why you did not make your studies your principal activity during the total period covered by your previous CAQ for studies

It is the most common reason for receiving a notice of intention to refuse and it is often the most difficult point to address.

Many students arrive in Quebec alone, in a completely new environment, and are under tremendous pressure to perform well in their studies because of the amount of money their parents invest in their education. 

Under all kinds of circumstances, students in general can have hiccups in their studies. They can fail courses despite their best intentions, being put on probation and having to register part-time.  These circumstances might seem normal to students, but in the case of CAQ applications, they can be fatal without a good justification. 

Indeed, the Quebec Immigration Regulation requires that international students must make their studies their principal activity and the respect of this criterion is evaluated when applying for a CAQ renewal. 

If you have not studied full-time, it must be carefully explained, along with proofs documenting the reasons, when applying to renew your CAQ. In order to avoid receiving an intention to refuse letter, if you have a transcript that does not cover the whole duration of your CAQ or if it shows that you have failed multiple courses, were registered part-time, or did not study for certain semesters, the issue must be addressed upfront.

Examples of good reasons that can be accepted are:

• You had to take a leave of absence for medical reasons (a note from your doctor will be required);
• You had a family emergency;
• You had to return to your home country for any reason and were not physically in Quebec;
• You postponed your program start date and arrived in Quebec later on;
• Etc.

Needless to say, each case is unique and the immigration agent will evaluate your explanations and proofs presented. It is very important to present as much evidence as possible to support your explanations, as there is no interview and it is the only way for agents to evaluate the application. It is also important to note that your letter must be signed by you.

Insufficient funds

In case of a CAQ renewal application or an initial application if you reside in certain countries such as the USA, France and Mexico, proof of sufficient funds are required to obtain a CAQ.

If the proofs presented are insufficient, the MIFI issues a notice of intention to refuse that looks like this:

• Recent proof of your financial capacity to take on the expenses related to your studies in Québec: paycheque statement(s), letter from current employer specifying the salary, income tax return notice, bank letter(s) showing current balance: 
  • for the documented financial resources are insufficient.
• Declaration of financial support signed by the person, other than yourself, who will cover the costs related to your stay in Québec
• Recent documents proving the financial capacity of the person, other than yourself, who will cover the costs related to your stay in Québec: a letter from an employer specifying the salary, paycheque statement(s), income tax return notice, bank letter(s) showing current balance, etc.

In order to address this situation, you must determine how much funds exactly you need to demonstrate and which documents are accepted.

Minimum funds required

The MIFI requires that you demonstrate you have sufficient funds to cover the tuition fees of your program (and not just the first year), the living costs in Quebec, the insurance costs and the settlement fees.

For example, if your tuition fees are 25 000$ and you are single, you would need to demonstrate a total of 39 349$ (25 000$ in tuition fees + 14 349$ in living costs). You should add to this number the cost of the insurance (unless it is already purchased and included in your application) and the settlement fees of 500$ (if it is an initial CAQ application).

You can consult the MIFI’s website to determine the minimum living expenses. The numbers are updated annually and depend on your family composition. 

Although it is important to know the minimum requirements, the best practice is just to present as many proofs as possible. 

Acceptable proofs

Acceptable proofs for the application differ whether you are supporting yourself or if someone else is responsible for your expenses.

If you are supporting yourself, you can present your bank statements or certificates, proof of tuition fees already paid, proof of bursaries, if any and proof of your part-time employment such as a work attestation, pay stubs and tax returns. The MIFI accepts proofs of your employment for the purpose of evaluating your funds available, although the condition to obtain a study permit is to have sufficient funds without having to work in Canada.

If someone else is financing your studies, that person must sign a Declaration of financial support letter and present proofs such as bank statements, proofs of their income and other investments. You can also have more than one person supporting you. In that case, each person must sign a separate Declaration of financial support letter and provide their documents.

Not being covered by health and hospitalization insurance

It is mandatory to be insured while being an international student in Quebec and failure to do so can lead to a refusal of your CAQ application.

If you receive a notice of intention to refuse due to not being covered by health and hospitalization insurance during your studies in Quebec, you must provide a letter of explanation and proofs to justify the reasons why you were not insured. 

Circumstances differ and a letter of explanation can sometimes be sufficient to overcome a notice of intention to refuse. 

For example, if you were not insured for a month because you forgot to renew your insurance on time, but were insured the rest of the time and have adhered to all of the other conditions of your stay in Quebec, such as full-time study, it is probable that the officer will accept your explanation. While it is not guaranteed that your explanation will be accepted, it is mandatory to explain why you were not insured.

Other possible reasons to be aware of

Some other reasons to receive a notice of intention to refuse are missing or incorrect signatures and outdated enrollment letters.

Signature

• Form Declaration, commitments and authorizations duly signed and dated (This form is in your online file, within the PDF attached to the message of confirmation of payment):
  • for you are a minor and the form received was not signed by one of your parents.
  • for the signature of the form received does not match that of the passport or identity document provided from your parent.
  • because the signature of the form received does not correspond to that of the passport or the document ID provided.
  • for a photocopied, faxed or digitalized signature is not accepted.

As part of the application process, there is a Declaration and commitments form that must be signed by the applicant and in some cases by their parent or legal guardian. It is pretty straightforward to correct this mistake if you have received a notice of intention to refuse for it. To avoid an intention to refuse on these grounds, make sure that you sign the declaration by hand, as it is in your passport, and scan it in high resolution. And if you are a minor student, have it signed by one of your parents as well (and not by your custodian in Canada). 

Letter of admission or enrollment

• Letter of admission from the Registrar’s Office (or the Admissions Office) of the educational institution that you will be attending: 
  • for the term’s registration date mentioned in the letter received has passed.
• Official letter from the Registrar’s Office of the educational institution that you are attending, establishing your status as a full-time or as a part-time student and the number of credits obtained or to be obtained, if applicable: 
  • for the letter received is not recent enough.

The letter of admission should be recent and should cover future studies. If you are applying for a CAQ while you have already started your program, you cannot use the letter of admission and must instead provide an enrollment letter from your school. 

The enrollment letter must indicate that you are studying and the conditions of your studies. It must also be recent enough (issued within the last 60 days at least).

How to respond to a notice of intention to refuse

If you have received a notice of intention to refuse, read it carefully and see what is required from you. Pay special attention to parts of the letter that are bolded, highlighted or underlined. Agents often use the same template of letters and bold, highlight or underline the specific requirements. For instance, if your transcripts show that you have studied part-time for a semester and you have not provided an explanation for that, it is possible that the agent will indicate for which semester he or she needs an explanation in their notice. 

After reviewing the letter, review the documents you have provided for your application. You can download a copy of the documents you have provided from your Arrima account in case you haven’t kept a copy of them. Review the documents presented and see if you are able to understand the MIFI’s notice.

It’s often quite obvious. For example, you see that you provided an online printout of your transcripts instead of the original ones, and you see that the notice of intention to refuse requires original transcripts. If you have not failed classes nor studied part-time, then you would just need to obtain original transcripts from your school and add them to your application.

It is important to evaluate correctly which documents are required, especially if you didn’t study full-time. For example, if the MIFI asks you to provide explanations why you studied part-time during the Winter 2020 and Fall 2021 semesters, and you only provide explanations for the Fall 2021 semester. Even if you had perfectly reasonable reasons for the Winter 2020 semester, your application will be refused because you have not addressed that point.

If you have received a notice of intention to refuse due to not having studied full-time, it is a good idea to consult with your school’s international students’ department. Most universities and colleges in Quebec have an international students’ department and they would be able to help you. 

After preparing your response, be careful to send all your additional documents at once on Arrima, as you won’t have a second opportunity to provide additional documents.

Need help?

Studying in Quebec is a wonderful and fulfilling experience. However, difficulties can happen to anyone and it is important to address them correctly. If you need help with your CAQ application, don’t hesitate to contact me. I will be able to review your situation and help you succeed. 

Not ready to contact me yet? You can download my free guide by entering your details below.

The guide includes a summary of the steps to follow and a template of an explanation letter.

Disclaimer : The content of this blog is not legal advice and and may not be accurate or complete. If you require legal advice, contact a licensed legal practitioner directly.